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Hypercube Tilings

I recently participated in Matt Parker’s challenge to crowd-source proofs that all of the unfoldings of a 4D hypercube tile 3D space. I’m putting the proofs I submitted here in case the WHUTS site ever disappears. Be sure to check out the original youtube video on this subject: https://youtu.be/Yq3P-LhlcQo

Proof for unfolding #234

Originally posted to https://whuts.org/unfolding/234

3D model for this tiling: 234.FCStd

Step 1:

Define an unfolded volume to reside in 3D space as shown. Note the axis.

Step 2:

Pieces nest without interference if duplicated with an offset vector of <-1,-1,1>

Step 3:

Pieces also stack with no collisions if copied and translated by <2,2,0>

Step 4:

Offset copies translated <4,0,0> also do not collide. Note that the 3 translation vectors we have used can be reduced to the standard basis vectors for the R3 space.

Step 5:

By confirming visually that larger tilings work without collision, we can be confident that this unfolding will tile 3D space.

Step 6:

Clipped view of a large tiled group.

Proof for unfolding #258

Originally posted to https://whuts.org/unfolding/258

3D model for this tiling: 258.FCStd

Step 1:

This unfolding caught my eye because it is made up of one Z and one S tetromino. If we lay the z side on a flat surface, The S pieces stick up, and a “2.5D” tiling can be made. I used a set of 3 pieces as a basic group.

Step 2:

The 3 Part group can be arranged adjacent to itself to create a “mat” of unfoldings that could cover an infinite flat surface.

Step 3:

Top view of the “mat” structure. Notice that the Z pieces are confined to the first layer. Meanwhile, the second and third layers are occupied by S pieces and holes that look like they would fit S pieces rather nicely.

Step 4:

The final step is to flip a copy of the built up group upside down and stack it on itself. We now have a 4 unit thick structure that tiles horizontally and can be stacked vertically.

Step 5:

A larger tiled block. I modelled the unfolding in FreeCAD and used linked parts to arrange copies.

Step 6:

Using a clipping plane to confirm that no pieces intersect.